en Medicine پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background and objectives:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Surgical site infection (SSI) after colorectal surgery and its negative clinical outcomes remain significant problems. This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSI after colorectal surgery and associated risk factors in the 5 Azar Hospital of Gorgan, Iran.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A cross-sectional study was performed on patients undergoing emerging or elective&nbsp;colorectal surgeries from 2011 to 2019 in the 5 Azar Hospital of Gorgan, Iran.&nbsp;</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The subjects were followed up for 30 days. Data were collected through pre and postoperative examinations and telephone follow-ups. Univariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> A total of 240 patients were enrolled in the study, and the overall SSI incidence rate was 23.3% (56 patients). Univariate analyses indicated that corticosteroids use [risk ratio (RR)=3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.62-5.54], segmental resection with anastomosis (RR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.12-4.63), anemia (RR=4.52, 95% CI: 3.11-6.59), diabetics (RR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.73-4.14), and opium use (RR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.17-2.99) were risk factors for SSI.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Based on our findings, the incidence of SSI after colorectal surgery is relatively high in the study area, which requires tailored approaches and careful reconsideration of the whole operation procedure. </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Moreover, the use of corticosteroids, type of intervention, anemia, diabetes, and opium use may be associated with the incidence of SSI after colorectal surgery.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:200%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Therefore, cases with such a profile should be closely monitored after the surgery.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> Surgical site infection, Colorectal surgery, Risk factors, Incidence 1 9 http://jcbr.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-351-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Siamak Rajaei rajaeiss@hotmail.com 10031947532846003951 10031947532846003951 No Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Mehrshad Zare 10031947532846003952 10031947532846003952 No Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Reza Afghani drafghani@goums.ac.ir 10031947532846003953 10031947532846003953 Yes Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran